This means that the forests reduce or prevent the erosion of the soil and prevent run-off. Counteracting loss of tropical forests requires understanding of the causes for deforestation. Figure 4: Forest sector mitigation strategies need to be assessed with regard to their impacts on carbon storage in forest ecosystems on sustainable harvest rates and on net GHG emissions across all sectors. Figure 2 illustrates the dynamics of deforestation. Other management policies such as sustainable forest management or by providing economic return from non-timber products and forest uses which do not involve tree removal, such as for instance eco-tourism (IPCC, 2007).The largest and most immediate carbon stock impact on the short term can be derived from reduced deforestation and degradaton (IPCC, 2007). Proper management plans are seen as prerequisites for the development of management strategies that can also include carbon-related objectives (IPCC, 2007). However, the IPCC also notes that there are exceptions in the form of regional successes. Active forest management in the sense of planting after harvest or natural disturbance accelerates tree growth and reduces carbon losses compared to natural regeneration.
Soares-Filo et al. The largest gains in carbon would occur in Southeast Asia and South and Central America. Several tools have been developed in the context of sustainable forest management, including criteria and indicators, national forest programmes, model forests and certification schemes. The IPCC outlines the objective of forest mitigation stratiegies as follows: "minimze net greenhouse gas emissions throughout the forest sector Figure 3: Forest change dynamics as determined by the FAO. A major economic constraint to afforestation is the high initial investment to establish new stands coupled with the several-decade delay until afforested areas generate revenue. Dudek et al., (2002) note that climate mitigation policies may have benefits that go beyond global climate protection and actually accrue at the local level. Red definition is - of the color red. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples For the remainder of this description afforestation is used to imply either afforestation or reforestation. One tonne of carbon offset represents the reduction of one tonne of carbon dioxide or its equivalent in other greenhouse gases. Richard and Stokes (2004) estimate the range to be between 1 and 35 t CO2/ha/yr.Increasing stand- and landscape- level carbon density through forest management activities include harvest systems that maintain partial forest cover, minimize losses of dead organic matter or soil carbon by reducing soil erosion, and by avoiding slash burning and other high-emission activities. As a result, other materials such as concrete and steel would be required. Limited quantitative information on the cost-benefit ratios of mitigation interventions further exacerbates the difficulty of examination. After spawning, all Pacific salmon and most Atlantic salmon die, and the salmon life cycle starts over again. For instance, market-based development of environmental services from forests such as biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, watershed protection and eco-tourims is receiving attention as a tool for promoting sustainable forest management. Source: FAO, 2010
Avoiding deforestation and afforestation lead to enhanced biodiversity conservation. Increasing harvest rotation lengths will increase certain carbon pools while the same method will decrease others (Kurz et al., 1998).Saturation of forest carbon stocks, the point where forest carbon stocks no longer increase due to the attainment of a climax stadium in forest growth, can be addressed with wood products derived from sustainably managed forests. The IPCC notes that in many regions the absence of an enabling environment is currently a barrier to implementation of forest management mitigation activities. However, the IPCC outlines that all the studies state that future deforestation is estimated to remain high in the tropics in the short and medium term (IPCC, 2007). , (2003) and by Richards and Stokes (2004) show a wide range. Niche definition Niche is defined in general sense as a cavity, hollow, or recess, especially in a wall. Due to deforestation and poor forest management, carbon stocks in forest biomass for the world as a whole decreased by an estimated 0.5 Gt annually during 2005-2010 (FAO, 2010).
A carbon offset is a reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases made in order to compensate for emissions made elsewhere. These assumptions vary greatly across studies. The interactions illustrated in Figure 4 show that activities performed in one sector influence that sector and other sectors.
On the long-term, Sohngen and Sedjo (2006) estimate that 27.2 US$/ton of CO2 could potentially eliminate deforestation.
Free learning resources for students covering all major areas of biology. A more detailed view of the world's forests is illustrated in Figure 2. Soil quality is enhanced through avoided deforestation. Mitigation benefits can be optimized when wood is first used to replace concrete building material and then be used as a biofuel after disposal (IPCC, 2007).Many barriers have been identified that preclude the full use of this mitigation potential.As mentioned, economic considerations are an important barrier that precludes the full use of the mitigation potential of forest management mitigation techniques. The other benefits are discussed in more detail below.Realization of the mitigation potential requires an enabling environment for the technique.
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