Complete Works of Tacitus. Cynthia Damon, Tacitus: Agricola. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. (Stuart); "in extent and direction," i.e., its eastern and western coastlines were equal to, and ran towards the same points of the compass as the western and eastern coastlines of Germany and Spain respectively. A map of all locations mentioned in the text and notes of the Aetia. IN COLLECTIONS. A Historical Commentary on Tacitus' Histories I and II. Gnaeus Julius Agricola (/ ə ˈ ɡ r ɪ k ə l ə /; 13 June 40 – 23 August 93) was a Roman Italo-Gallic general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain.Written by his son-in-law Tacitus, the De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae is the primary source for most of what is known about him, along with detailed archaeological evidence from northern Britain. Plus tamen ferociae Britanni praeferunt, ut quos nondum longa pax emollierit. See 11.2, posita contra Hispania, and Introd. On the life and character of Julius Agricola) is a book by the Roman historian Tacitus, written c. AD 98, which recounts the life of his father-in-law Gnaeus Julius Agricola, an eminent Roman general and Governor of Britain from AD 77/78 – 83/84.It also covers, briefly, the geography and ethnography of ancient Britain. Thule too was descried in the distance, which as yet had been hidden by the snows of winter. Rousing each other by this and like language, under the leadership of Boudicea, a woman of kingly descent (for they admit no distinction of sex in their royal successions), they all rose in arms. A stranger to the enemy's misdeeds and so more accessible to their penitence, he put an end to old troubles, and, attempting nothing more, handed the province over to Trebellius Maximus. I could myself more readily believe that the natural properties of the pearls are in fault than our keenness for gain. California Digital Library. SHOW ALL. Agricola was born on the 13th of June, in the third of Caligula’s consulships (AD40) and died in his fifty-fourth year on the 23rd of August, in the consulship of Collega and Priscinus (AD93). (Stuart); "faces." Tacitus was born in c.55, perhaps in southern Gaul. The Britons themselves bear cheerfully the conscription, the taxes, and the other burdens imposed on, them by the Empire, if there be no oppression. (Pearce); among the writers probably referred to, besides the two mentioned, were Pytheas, Posidonius, and Sallust. Cornelius Tacitus, The Life of Cnæus Julius Agricola Alfred John Church, William Jackson Brodribb, Ed. [10.5] Sed mare pigrum et grave rēmigantibus perhibent nē ventīs quidem perinde attollī, crēdō quod rāriōrēs terrae montēsque, causa ac māteria tempestātum, et profunda mōlēs continuī maris tardius impellitur. p. xxxiii, #10. Tacitus kann also, übrigens ebenso wie Agricola, kaum als Gegner Domitians gelten, sondern er machte unter diesem Kaiser, den er später als Tyrannen darstellte, Karriere. Tacitus, however, occupied the office of quaestor under Vespasian in 78 A.D., at which time he must, th… Pliny was born in 61. The reason, I suppose, is that lands and mountains, which are the cause and origin of storms, are here comparatively rare, and also that the vast depths of that unbroken expanse are more slowly set in motion. With the exception of the olive and vine, and plants which usually grow in warmer climates, the soil will yield, and even abundantly, all ordinary produce. Like Pliny, he may have studied under Quintilian. Thus encouraged, he made an attempt on the island of Mona, as a place from which the rebels drew reinforcements; but in doing this he left his rear open to attack. Yet by thus disguising his renown he really increased it, for men inferred the grandeur of his aspirations from his silence about services so great. Meanwhile Agricola, though summer was past and the detachments were scattered throughout the province, though the soldiers' confident anticipation of inaction for that year would be a source of delay and difficulty in beginning a campaign, and most advisers thought it best simply to watch all weak points, resolved to face the peril. (Pearce)  mare pigrum: on the brachylogy in this clause, see lntrod. There is an enormous stretch of land, and this tapers to a point. Well aware that he must follow up the prestige of his arms, and that in proportion to his first success would be the terror of the other tribes, he formed the design of subjugating the island of Mona, from the occupation of which Paullinus had been recalled, as I have already related, by the rebellion of the entire province. In pedite robur; quaedam nationes et curru proeliantur. Ceterum animorum provinciae prudens, simulque doctus per aliena experimenta parum profici armis, si iniuriae sequerentur, causas bellorum statuit excidere. Difficult by-roads and distant places were fixed for them, so that states with a winter-camp close to them had to carry corn to remote and inaccessible parts of the country, until what was within the reach of all became a source of profit to the few. (Gudeman), quia ... per­­domita est: Tacitus's personal interest in geography and ethnology was a leading motive. Thus the Peloponnesus was compared to the leaf of a plane tree, oases in a desert to spots on a leopard's skin. Frontinus appears only once in Tacitus' Agricola, at a moment in the text where Tacitus is filling in some background, sketching a rough history of the Roman occupation of Britain up to the time when Agricola took over as governor of the province.His appearance is brief, and the momentum of the whole section makes it tempting to see him as a mere footnote in the tale of Agricola's life and career. Multa proelia, et aliquando non incruenta; magnamque Brigantum partem aut victoria amplexus est aut bello. (Damon) [INTXRF]  et: et praeterea. p. xxxiii, #10. Et Cerialis quidem alterius successoris curam famamque obruisset: subiit sustinuitque molem Iulius Frontinus, vir magnus, quantum licebat, validamque et pugnacem Silurum gentem armis subegit, super virtutem hostium locorum quoque difficultates eluctatus. The Agricola is both a portrait of Julius Agricola—the most famous governor of Roman Britain and Tacitus' well-loved and respected father-in-law—and the first detailed account of Britain that has come down to us. The Agricola (Latin: De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae, lit. Didius was succeeded by Veranius, who died within the year. (Gudeman) [A&G §375], etiam: strengthens inspicitur, as opposed to the less demonstrable statement spatio ac caelo ... obtenditur. According to the theory here adopted by Tacitus with small credit to his scientific knowledge, storms were caused by streams of air which were compressed by the obstruction of mountains or gathered in clefts of the earth and which then rushed forth with a rotary motion imparted by the contact with the opposing objects. libens fatum excepisti, tamquam pro virili portione 4 innocentiam principi donares. p. xxxi, #6. (Stuart); first mentioned by the distinguished navigator, Pytheas of Massilia (4th cent. Agricola had ordered the fleet to establish the location of Thule, but not to land. His father was a wealthy man and belonged to the second tier of the Roman elite, the knights, or - to use a more stately expression - the equestrian order. (Gudeman)  hūc atque illūc ferre: "ebbs and flows," i.e. Take Tacitus’ “Agricola”, for example, and how it relates to northern Scotland. 13. He has left an historical monument highly interesting to every Briton, who wishes to know the manners of his ancestors, and the spirit of liberty that from the earliest time distinguished the natives of Britain. In a.d. 88 Antonius Saturninus revolted … (Gudeman), memorō memorāre memorāvī memorātus: to relate, mention, perdomō perdomāre perdomuī perdomitum: to subdue completely, comperiō comperīre comperī compertus: to find, ascertain, ēloquentia –ae f.: eloquence, oratory, correct speech, percolo percolere percolui percultum: to embellish, complector complectī complexus sum: to embrace, include, hold fast, māximus –a –um: greatest; maxime: most, especially, Germānia –ae f.: Germany, the Roman province; Germany proper, obtendō –ere –tendī –tentus: to stretch opposite, Gallus –a –um: Gallic, pertaining to Gaul; (as a noun) a Gaul, scūtum scūtī n.: shield (oblong, made of wood and leather), adsimulō adsimulāre adsimulāvī adsimulātus: to liken, compare, ūniversus –a –um: all together, the entire; (in universum) in general, trānsgredior –gredī –gressus sum: to cross over, prōcurrō –currere –cucurrī –cursus: to project, tenuō tenuāre tenuāvī tenuātus: to make thin, narrow, circumvehor circumvehī circumvectus sum: to sail round, affīrmō affirmāre affirmāvī affirmātus: to assert, declare, state, appetō appetere appetīvī appetītus: to aim at, seek, covet; (intrans.) Une expérience de lecture optimale pour le même confort qu'un livre papier. (Gudeman), hāctenus iussum: sc. And so, peace having been sued for and the island given up, Agricola became great and famous as one who, when entering on his province, a time which others spend in vain display and a round of ceremonies, chose rather toil and danger. It can be seen from the Orkneys. (Stuart)  perinde: "correspondingly," i.e. Tacitus hadde skrevet en lignende, om enn kortere stykke i hans Livet til Agricola (kapitlene 10–13). Un jeu devenu une référence dans le milieu en quelques années. 10 ans ça se fête, surtout lorsqu’on s’appelle Agricola. 17. This Augustus spoke of as policy. Solum praeter oleam vitemque et cetera calidioribus terris oriri sueta patiens frugum pecudumque fecundum: tarde mitescunt, cito proveniunt; eademque utriusque rei causa, multus umor terrarum caelique. The Ordovices, shortly before Agricola's arrival, had destroyed nearly the whole of a squadron of allied cavalry quartered in their territory. Didicere iam barbari quoque ignoscere vitiis blandientibus, et interventus civilium armorum praebuit iustam segnitiae excusationem: sed discordia laboratum, cum adsuetus expeditionibus miles otio lasciviret. The construction is exceedingly common in Tacitus. He married Julia Agricola, the daughter of the famous general Agricola. sed mihi filiaeque eius praeter acerbitatem parentis erepti auget maestitiam, quod adsidere valetudini, fovere deficientem, satiari vultu complexuque non contigit. (Stuart)  velut in suō: "as though in its own province." De vita Iulii Agricolae (kurz: [der] Agricola [des Tacitus]) ist den Zügen nach eine biographische Schrift des römischen Historiographen Tacitus aus dem Jahr 98 n. Chr. Chapters 10-17 Some think that those who collect them have not the requisite skill, as in the Red Sea the living and breathing pearl is torn from the rocks, while in Britain they are gathered just as they are thrown up. Tacitus' Agricola remains a key text for anyone with an interest in Roman Britain as well as ancient biography. The higher in rank is the charioteer; the dependants fight. Nor did Vettius Bolanus, during the continuance of the civil wars, trouble Britain with discipline. 13. Here some account of Britain would be in place. [10.1] Britanniae situm populōsque multīs scrīptōribus memorātōs nōn in comparātiōnem cūrae ingeniīve referam, sed quia tum prīmum perdomita est. (Gudeman), vastō atque apertō: standing expressions for the surprise aroused in the Roman by the sight of the Atlantic. Fact 2 As governor of Britain, he conquered large areas of northern England, Scotland and Wales. Trebellius, who had escaped the soldiers' fury by flying and hiding himself, governed henceforth on sufferance, a disgraced and humbled man. Agricola (Ancient Roman General) a biography by Cornelius Tacitus (A.D. 98) by Cornelius Tacitus (A.D. 98). It is said that, if there are no clouds in the way, the splendour of the sun can be seen throughout the night, and that he does not rise and set, but only crosses the heavens. Tacitus, James Rives (ed. Olim regibus parebant, nunc per principes factionibus et studiis trahuntur. 1: Books I–VI (Second Edition) Ed. Agitasse Gaium Caesarem de intranda Britannia satis constat, ni velox ingenio mobili paenitentiae, et ingentes adversus Germaniam conatus frustra fuissent. Nihil iam cupiditati, nihil libidini exceptum. Seldom is it that two or three states meet together to ward off a common danger. (Pearce); "geographical location." (Stuart)  cūrae ingeniīve: i.e. Livet til Agricola. Nam Gallos quoque in bellis floruisse accepimus; mox segnitia cum otio intravit, amissa virtute pariter ac libertate. Habitus corporum varii atque ex eo argumenta. Neve proelii unius aut alterius eventu pavescerent: plus impetus felicibus, maiorem constantiam penes miseros esse. 18. De vita Agricolae ou De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae (Au sujet de la vie et des mœurs de Julius Agricola), est une œuvre de l'écrivain et historien romain Tacite.. Contenu. Greece has many gulfs and firths, but no tide. Suetonius hinc Paulinus biennio prosperas res habuit, subactis nationibus firmatisque praesidiis; quorum fiducia Monam insulam ut vires rebellibus ministrantem adgressus terga occasioni patefecit. Tacitus: Agricola Book 1 [1] 1. to approach, perhibeō –ēre –uī –itus: to relate, state, attollō attollere: to lift, raise, enlarge upon, impellō impellere impulī impulsum: to drive, charge, push forward, ōceanus –ī m.: Ocean (esp. Of this they are impatient; they are reduced to subjection, not as yet to slavery The deified Julius, the very first Roman who entered Britain with an army, though by a successful engagement he struck terror into the inhabitants and gained possession of the coast: must be regarded as having indicated rather than transmitted the acquisition to future generations. Écrite en 98 de notre ère, l'œuvre relate la vie de Cnaeus Julius Agricola, beau-père de Tacite, brillant sénateur et général de l'époque de l'historien. (Damon), trānsgressīs: i.e. (Gudeman); parallel to Oceani, not naturam. Missus igitur Petronius Turpilianus tamquam exorabilior et delictis hostium novus eoque paenitentiae mitior, compositis prioribus nihil ultra ausus Trebellio Maximo provinciam tradidit. He knew everything, but did not always act on his knowledge. 1. The crux of the problem is in the comparative merits of the read-ing of the manuscripts, irritamenta, and the conjecture of Acidalius, invitamenta, a word which is found in no other place in Tacitus. Our soldiers made it a pretext for carlessness, as if all fighting was over, and the enemy were biding their time. (Stuart); "to excuse attractive vices" ("such as sapped the energy of their conquerors") … (Stuart)  lītore tenus: "merely as far as the coast." The geography and inhabitants of Britain, already described by many writers, I will speak of, not that my research and ability may be compared with theirs, but because the country was then for the first time thoroughly subdued.
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